Autofac是一款IOC框架,比较于其他的IOC框架,如Spring.NET,Unity,Castle等等所包含的,它很轻量级性能上也是很高的。于是,今天抽空研究了下它。下载地址:http://code.google.com/p/autofac/downloads/list
1)解压它的压缩包,主要看到Autofac.dll,Autofac.Configuration.dll,这也是本篇文章重点使用的Autofac的类库。
2)创建一个控制台工程,并且引用以上的DLL文件。创建一个数据库操作接口IDatabase.cs:
///<summary>///
Database operate interface
///publicinterfaceIDatabase
{
string Name { get; }
void Select(stringcommandText);
void Insert(stringcommandText);
void Update(stringcommandText);
void Delete(stringcommandText);
}这里包含CRUD四种操作的方法。
3)创建两种数据库的操作类,SqlDatabase.cs以及OracleDatabase.cs:
publicclass
SqlDatabase : IDatabase
{
publicstringName
{
get { return“sqlserver”; }
}
publicvoid Select(stringcommandText)
{
Console.WriteLine( string.Format(“{0} is a query sql in {1}!”, commandText, Name));
}
publicvoid Insert(stringcommandText)
{
Console.WriteLine( string.Format(“{0} is a insert sql in {1}!”, commandText, Name));
}
publicvoid Update(stringcommandText)
{
Console.WriteLine( string.Format(“{0} is a update sql in {1}!”, commandText, Name));
}
publicvoid Delete(stringcommandText)
{
Console.WriteLine( string.Format(“{0} is a delete sql in {1}!”, commandText, Name));
}
}以及
publicclass
OracleDatabase : IDatabase
{
publicstringName
{
get { return“oracle”; }
}
publicvoid Select(stringcommandText)
{
Console.WriteLine( string.Format(“{0} is a query sql in {1}!”, commandText, Name));
}
publicvoid Insert(stringcommandText)
{
Console.WriteLine( string.Format(“{0} is a insert sql in {1}!”, commandText, Name));
}
publicvoid Update(stringcommandText)
{
Console.WriteLine( string.Format(“{0} is a update sql in {1}!”, commandText, Name));
}
publicvoid Delete(stringcommandText)
{
Console.WriteLine( string.Format(“{0} is a delete sql in {1}!”, commandText, Name));
}
}4)接着创建一个数据库管理器DatabaseManager.cs:
publicclass
DatabaseManager
{
IDatabase _database;
publicDatabaseManager(IDatabase database)
{
_database = database;
}
publicvoid Search(stringcommandText)
{
_database.Select(commandText);
}
publicvoid Add(stringcommandText)
{
_database.Insert(commandText);
}
publicvoid Save(stringcommandText)
{
_database.Update(commandText);
}
publicvoid Remove(stringcommandText)
{
_database.Delete(commandText);
}
}5)在控制台中,编写以下测试程序:
var builder = new
ContainerBuilder();
builder.RegisterType
builder.RegisterType
(var container = builder.Build())
{
var manager = container.Resolve
);
}运行结果:
分析:
这里通过ContainerBuilder方法RegisterType对DatabaseManager进行注册,当注册的类型在相应得到的容器中可以Resolve你的DatabaseManager实例。
builder.RegisterType<SqlDatabase>().As<IDatabase>();通过AS可以让DatabaseManager类中通过构造函数依赖注入类型相应的接口。
Build()方法生成一个对应的Container实例,这样,就可以通过Resolve解析到注册的类型实例。
同样地,如果你修改数据库类型注册为:
builder.RegisterType<OracleDatabase>().As<IDatabase>();
运行结果:
6)显然以上的程序中,SqlDatabase或者OracleDatabase已经暴露于客户程序中了,现在我想将该类型选择通过文件配置进行读取。Autofac自带了一个Autofac.Configuration.dll 非常方便地对类型进行配置,避免了程序的重新编译。
修改App.config:
<configuration><configSections><section name=”autofac” type=”Autofac.Configuration.SectionHandler, Autofac.Configuration”/></configSections><autofac defaultAssembly=”AutofacDemo”><components><component type=”AutofacDemo.SqlDatabase, AutofacDemo” service=”AutofacDemo.IDatabase”/></components></autofac></configuration>
通过Autofac.Configuration.SectionHandler配置节点对组件进行处理。
对应的客户端程序改为:
var builder = new
ContainerBuilder();
builder.RegisterType
));
using(var container = builder.Build())
{
var manager = container.Resolve
);
}运行结果:
7)另外还有一种方式,通过Register方法进行注册:
var builder = new
ContainerBuilder();
//builder.RegisterType
));
builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve
(var container = builder.Build())
{
var manager = container.Resolve
);
}得到的结果也是一样的。
8)现在我想通过一个用户类来控制操作权限,比如增删改的权限,创建一个用户类:
///<summary>///
Id Identity Interface
///</summary>publicinterfaceIdentity
{
int Id { get; set; }
}
publicclassUser : Identity
{
publicint Id { get; set; }
publicstring Name { get; set; }
}修改DatabaseManager.cs代码:
publicclass
DatabaseManager
{
IDatabase _database;
User _user;
public DatabaseManager(IDatabase database) : this(database, null)
{
}
publicDatabaseManager(IDatabase database, User user)
{
_database = database;
_user = user;
}
///<summary>///Check Authority
///</summary>///<returns></returns>publicboolIsAuthority()
{
bool result = _user != null && _user.Id == 1 && _user.Name == “leepy” ? true : false;
if(!result)
Console.WriteLine( “Not authority!”);
returnresult;
}
publicvoid Search(stringcommandText)
{
_database.Select(commandText);
}
publicvoid Add(stringcommandText)
{
if(IsAuthority())
_database.Insert(commandText);
}
publicvoid Save(stringcommandText)
{
if(IsAuthority())
_database.Update(commandText);
}
publicvoid Remove(stringcommandText)
{
if(IsAuthority())
_database.Delete(commandText);
}
}在构造函数中增加了一个参数User,而Add,Save,Remove增加了权限判断。
修改客户端程序:
User user = new User { Id = 1, Name = “leepy”
};
var builder = newContainerBuilder();
builder.RegisterModule( new ConfigurationSettingsReader(“autofac”));
builder.RegisterInstance(user).As
DatabaseManager(c.Resolve
(var container = builder.Build())
{
var manager = container.Resolve
);
}运行结果:
分析:
builder.RegisterInstance(user).As<User>();注册User实例。
builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve<IDatabase>(), c.Resolve<User>()));通过Lampda表达式注册DatabaseManager实例。
如果这里我修改User的属性值:
User user = new User { Id = 2, Name = “zhangsan” };
运行结果:
说明该用户无权限操作。
源代码下载:https://files.cnblogs.com/liping13599168/AutofacDemo.rar